Manual sprayer with dual bag-on-valve assembly

ABSTRACT

A manual spray dispenser for dispensing a mixture of two compositions comprises a container having a first and second chamber and a single dispensing spray outlet for dispensing controlled amounts of liquids from each of the first and second chambers. At least one of the chambers has a separator in the form of a pouch for physically separating the contents of the container from an interior surface of the chamber. The first chamber can contain a first composition and the second chamber can contain a second composition having a reactive component that reacts with at least one compound upon contact or mixing. The dispenser further contains a dispensing system for simultaneously dispensing the first composition and the second composition from their respective first and second chambers, mixing the two compositions together, and dispensing a mixture of the two compositions from the container under pressure.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No.10/604,708, filed Aug. 15, 2003, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/319, 548, filed Sep. 13, 2002, andthis application further claims the benefit of U.S. ProvisionalApplication Ser. No. 61/036,706, filed Mar. 14, 2008, entitled “ManualSpray Cleaner”, both of which are incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to dispensers for dispensing one or morecompounds under pressure. In one of its aspects, the invention relatesto a dispenser for spraying a cleaning composition on a surface to becleaned. In yet another aspect, the invention relates to a dispenser fordispensing a mixture to neutralize a chemical or biological species. Instill another aspect, the invention relates to a dispenser fordispensing a mixture of at least two components that react to perform adesired chemical reaction.

2. Description of the Related Art

Many types of compositions in fields ranging from cleaning to health andbeauty aids, paints, arts and crafts and neutralization of chemical andbiological agents comprise one or more components that have optimalperformance when mixed or activated just prior to or at the point ofuse. For example, the performance of cleaning compositions with anoxidizing agent deteriorates over a relatively short time if thecleaning composition and oxidizing agent are stored together in a singlechamber. In another example, most at-home hair-dying kits require thecolorant to be stored separately from the activator.

Various systems have been developed to separately store two-componentcompositions and mix the components during or immediately prior to use.For example, in the field of cleaning, the Choy et al. U.S. Pat. No.5,767,055 discloses an apparatus for cleaning a hard surface, such askitchen and bathroom tile, comprising a dual chamber bottle having aspray applicator for dispensing a mixture of compositions from each ofthe two chambers. One of the chambers contains a builder or chelatingagent composition and the other chamber includes a hypohalite orhypohalite generator such as sodium hypochlorite as a bleaching agent.The two components of the composition are mixed upon spraying onto asurface.

The Kobyashi et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,869,440 and the Unilever PCTPublication No. WO 95/16023 both disclose two part bleachingcompositions which comprise a peroxide composition and a detergentcomposition which are stored separately and sprayed onto hard surfacesat the time of combination.

The Van Dyck et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,635,372 discloses a housing mountinga pair of aerosol chambers, one containing an incapacitating fluid andthe other containing a gas. The aerosol chambers have output valves thatare connected through tubes to an output nozzle and a whistle. A triggeris pivotally mounted to the housing and moves laterally to displace avertically movable actuator for simultaneously opening both aerosolvalves in the chambers for dispensing the fluid and gas in the chambers.

The Breslau et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,303,970 and the Safianoff U.S. Pat.No. 3,575,319 disclose a pair of aerosol dispensing chambers havingdifferent fluids that are dispensed through outlet valves connectedthrough tubing to a single dispensing orifice. The outlet valves areactuated simultaneously by a trigger that is pivotally mounted to aframe that holds the aerosol chambers. Rotation of the trigger forcesthe valves downwardly to open the valves simultaneously.

Another field that utilizes compositions that have one or morecomponents that should not be mixed or activated until just prior to orat the point of use is the field of chemical and biologicalneutralization and decontamination. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,566,574to Tadros et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,390,432 to Tucker, and U.S. Pat. Nos.7,271,137, 6,723,890 and 7,125,497 to Tucker et al., herein incorporatedin full by reference, disclose multi-component formulations forneutralizing several types of chemical and biological species. Theformulations include at least one reactive component, comprising anoxidizing agent, a nucleophilic agent, a reducing agent, an acid orcombinations thereof that reacts with the chemical or biological speciesto neutralize it and render it effectively harmless to human and animallife. The formulations can be provided in kits that store the reactivecomponent separately from the rest of the formulation until just priorto use. Storing the reactive component separately can increase thestability, shelf-life and effectiveness of the formulation.

The basic components of these neutralizing and decontaminationformulations include one or more solubilizing agents and one or morereactive compounds. Additionally, the formulations can include aperoxide activator or a bleaching activator. The solubilizing agent canbe a cationic surfactant, a cationic hydrotrope, a fatty alcohol ormixtures thereof. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,566,574 and 6,723,890disclose formulations that comprise one or more solubilizing agents tosolubilize the chemical or biological species for reaction with thereactive compound. The reactive compound can be selected from the groupcomprising hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, an activatedperoxide compound (such as hydrogen peroxide and a bicarbonate salt),hydroperoxycarbonate, oximates, alkoxides, aryloxides, aldehydes,peroxymonosulfate, Fenton's reagent and sodium hypochlorite.

The neutralizing and decontamination formulation can also contain one ormore peroxide activators selected from the group consisting of potassiumbicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogenbicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, and potassiumcarbonate.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,271,137 and 7,390,432 disclose a neutralizing anddecontamination formulation similar to those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.6,566,574 and 6,723,890 called DF-200. DF-200 comprises one or moresolubilizing agents, one or more reactive compounds and a bleachingactivator. The bleaching activator improves the reaction kinetics of thereactive compound and can eliminate the need to adjust the pH of theformulation. Suitable bleaching activators include compounds selectedfrom the group consisting of ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycolmonomethyl ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (Diacetin), glycerolmonoacetate, glycerol triacetate, propylene glycol diacetate,tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), and n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate(NOBS).

U.S. Pat. No. 7,125,497 discloses a formulation for neutralizing toxicindustrial chemicals comprising a cationic surfactant and hydrotrope asa solubilizing agent and one or more reactive compounds. The reactivecompounds can be an acid, such as sodium sulfate and acetic acid, or areducing compound, such as sodium bisulfite or sodium borohydride, forexample.

The neutralizing and decontamination formulations can be provided intwo-part kits wherein the reactive component is stored separately fromthe solubilizing agents and activators. The two parts of the kit can bemixed just prior to use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, a manual spray dispenser for dispensing amixture of two compositions comprises a container having a first andsecond chamber and a single dispensing spray outlet for dispensingcontrolled amounts of liquids from each of the first and secondchambers. At least one of the chambers has a separator in the form of apouch for physically separating the contents of the container from aninterior surface of the chamber. The first chamber can contain a firstcomposition and the second chamber can contain a second compositionhaving a reactive component that reacts with at least one compound inthe first composition. The dispenser further contains a dispensingsystem for simultaneously dispensing the first composition and thesecond composition from their respective first and second chambers,mixing the two compositions together, and dispensing a mixture of thetwo compositions from the container under pressure.

The separator can be formed from one or more layers selected from thegroup consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethyleneterephthalate, aluminum and polyamide compounds. The layers can belaminated together to hermetically seal the pouch. One or more adhesivelayers can be provided between multiple layers of the pouch.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the first composition is acleaning composition and the second composition is an oxidizingcomposition. The cleaning composition can comprise at least one ofsolvent, a surfactant, an anti-stain compound, an anti-soil compound, afragrance and mixtures thereof. The oxidizing composition can compriseat least one of an oxidizing agent, an anti-stain compound, an anti-soilcompound, a stabilizer and mixtures thereof. The oxidizing agent can beselected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, percarboxylicacids and salts, percarbonic acids and salts, perimidic acids and salts,peroxymonosulfuric acids and salts, and mixtures thereof.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first compositionis a solubilizing composition. The solubilizing composition can compriseat least one of a cationic surfactant, a cationic hydrotrope, a fattyalcohol and mixtures thereof. The solubilizing composition can alsocomprise at least one bleaching activator. The solubilizing compositioncan further comprise at least one peroxide activator.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the reactivecomponent comprises at least one of an oxidizing agent, a reducingagent, a nucleophilic agent, an acid and mixtures thereof. The oxidizingagent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ureahydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarboflate, peracetic acid, sodiumperborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, sodiumpercarbonate, hydroperoxycarbonate, peroxymonosulfate, Fenton's reagentand sodium hypochlorite. The nucleophilic agent is selected from thegroup consisting of oximates, alkoxides, aryloxides and aldehydes. Thereducing agent is selected from the group consisting of sodiumbisulfite, ferrous sulfide, sodium sulfide, sodium thioglycollate,sodium thiosulfate and sodium borohydride. The acid is selected from thegroup consisting of sodium bisulfate, citric acid, acetic acid, nitrousacid, hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen sulfide and phenols.

The spray dispenser can further include an aerosol propellant betweenthe separator and the interior surface of the at least one of the firstand second chambers for pressurizing the composition in the pouch fordispensing the contents thereof through the dispensing system underpressure.

The dispensing system can dispense the first and second compositionsfrom their respective chambers in equal amounts. Alternatively, thecompositions from each chamber can be dispensed in unequal amounts.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a method forneutralizing at least one of a chemical or biological species includesfilling a pouch in a first chamber with a solubilizing composition andfilling a pouch in a second chamber with a reactive compound andsimultaneously spraying the solubilizing composition and the reactivecomposition under pressure from their respective first and secondchambers onto the at least one chemical or biological species. Thesolubilizing composition performs a solubilizing function for thechemical or biological species. The reactive composition has at leastone reactive compound that acts on the chemical or biological speciessolubilized by the at least one solubilizing agent.

In one embodiment, the method can further include mixing thesolubilizing and reactive compositions together as they are sprayed ontothe chemical or biological species. Alternatively, the solubilizing andreactive compositions can be mixed together just prior to being sprayedonto the chemical of biological species.

In another embodiment, the first and second chambers are pressurizedprior to spraying the solubilizing and reactive compositions. Thesolubilizing and reactive compositions can be sprayed in equal amountsfrom their respective first and second chambers. Alternatively, thesolubilizing and reactive compositions can be dispensed in unequalamounts. The solubilizing and reactive compositions can be selectivelydispensed under pressure as a mist, a spray, a stream or combinationsthereof.

In yet another embodiment, the solubilizing composition comprises atleast one of a cationic surfactant, a cationic hydrotrope, a fattyalcohol and mixtures thereof. The reactive component comprises at leastone of an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, a nucleophilic agent, anacid and mixtures thereof.

According to another embodiment, the solubilizing composition furthercomprises at least one bleaching activator. In another embodiment, thesolubilizing composition further comprises a peroxide activator.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanyingdrawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an aerosol dispenser according to oneembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the aerosol dispenser illustrated in FIG.1.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the aerosol dispenser illustrated in FIG.1 taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a hollow conduit insert illustrated inFIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a mechanical breakup plug of the hollowconduit insert illustrated in FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a terminal orifice of the hollow conduitinsert illustrated in FIG. 2.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of an aerosoldispenser according to the invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the aerosol dispenser illustrated in FIG.7 taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7.

FIG. 8A is an enlarged view of a portion of the aerosol dispenserillustrated in FIG. 8.

FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of a laminated separator bag accordingto the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1 through 3A, there is shown anembodiment of an aerosol dispenser 60 comprising a push valve assembly110 for each chamber 10, 14, an actuator top 62, a handle base 64, and adispensing tube 66. Aerosol chambers 10 and 14 are releasably mountedwithin the handle base 64.

As depicted in FIG. 3, the push valve assembly 110 comprises a valve cup112, a stem 114, a housing 116, a gasket 118, a spring 120, and a diptube 122. The valve cup 112 has an annular lip sized to receive chamber10 or 14. Further, the center of the valve cup 112 has an opening 126therethrough. Preferably, the valve cup 112 is formed of the samematerial as the chambers 10, 14 and lined with a suitable separatormaterial as described above for the chambers. Specifically, the chamber10, 14 and valve cup 112 are made of the same material type andpreferably are comprised of aluminum. Alternatively, these componentscan be made of steel or tin-plated steel. Valve cup 112 may optionallycomprise a separator, or liner, as described above. The valve stem 114has a solid lower end, a hollow upper end, a reduced diameter sectiontherebetween, and preferably one, and optionally two, valve orificeslocated in the side that are in fluid communication with the hollowupper end. The valve stem 114 is received in the opening 126 of thevalve cup 112, with the gasket 118 located between the solid lower endof the stem 114 and the cup 112. The housing 116 has a hollowcylindrical upper portion, a reduced diameter hollow lower portion, anda flange therebetween. The housing 116 surrounds the stem 114, abuts thegasket 118 at its upper end, and is secured in place by the valve cup112. Inside the housing 116, the spring 120 is positioned between thelower end of the stem 114 and the flange of the housing 116 and biasesthe stem 114 such that the valve orifices are positioned at or above thegasket 118. The hollow dip tube 122 is connected to and in fluidcommunication with the lower portion of the housing 116 and extends tothe bottom of the chamber 10 or 14.

The stem 114 and the housing 116 are made from nylon or polypropylenedepending upon the propellant used and the nature of the composition. Inthe cleaner composition, any propellant may be used and nylon is thepreferred material for the stem 114 and housing 116. In the peroxygencontainer, nylon is preferred when HFC is the aerosol propellant.Polypropylene may be used when any propellant other than HFC isutilized. The gasket 118 is preferably formed from a resilient material,such as Buna-Nitrile (Buna-N) or Butyl, common gasket materials used inthe aerosol dispenser industry. The spring 120 and the dip tube 122 arepreferably composed of stainless steel and polyethylene, respectively.The invention should not be limited to the type of push valve assembly110 described herein, and other push valves well known to those skilledin the art can be utilized with the aerosol dispenser.

The actuator top 62 has a cover housing 70 with an integrally formedactuator finger 72 and a thumb tab 74. The actuator finger 72 isseparated along its sides by slots 76, has cam levers 78 that extenddownward therefrom, and is resiliently cantilevered from a front portionof the cover housing 70. The actuator top 62 is formed from a resilientplastic material, preferably by injection molding. Alternatively, it iscontemplated that the actuator finger 72 can be connected to the coverhousing 70 via a hinged arrangement (not shown) instead of an integralconnection.

The handle base 64, best shown in FIG. 2, comprises an outer wall 80having a slot 82 at one end in which is mounted the end of thedispensing tube 66. The handle base 64 further comprises a pair ofarcuate inner walls 84, which with outer wall 80 forms cylindricalsockets for the aerosol chambers 10 and 14. The arcuate inner walls 84each have a vertical slot extending from a top portion substantiallyidentical with the slot 82 in the outer wall 80. A handle 88 isintegrally formed with the outer wall 80 and is designed so that a usercan grip the handle 88 with his or her hand and apply thumb pressure atthumb tab 74 to the actuator finger 72. An integral lock (not shown) canbe formed on an outer end of the actuator finger 72 and projectdownwardly thereof to abut the handle 88 and prevent depression of theactuator finger 72 prior to sale and use of the dispenser. The integrallock can be attached to the handle 88 with a frangible connection andthus easily removed when it is desirable to dispense the contents of theaerosol chambers 10 and 14.

Referring to FIGS. 2-6, the dispensing tube 66, preferably formed frompolypropylene, comprises connecting tubes 92 in fluid communication withthe interior of a hollow conduit 90 having a closed end 94 and a nozzleend 96. The connecting tubes 92 have an open lower end sized to receivethe hollow upper end of the valve stem 114. Dispensing tube 66 furthercomprises a hollow conduit insert 102. Hollow conduit insert 102 is arod shaped structure that fits tightly against an upper wall of thehollow conduit 90 but leaves a cavity 103 of a predetermined volume at alower wall of the hollow conduit 90. The cavity is in fluidcommunication with connecting tubes 92 and, therefore, with the hollowupper end of the valve stem 114. A mechanical breakup plug 104, bestseen in FIGS. 4 and 5, is located on one end of the conduit insert 102and forms a part of the nozzle end 96. A spray aperture 106 of apredetermined size is formed at a lower portion of the mechanicalbreakup plug 104 and aligned with the cavity 103.

A terminal orifice 100, best seen in FIG. 6, is fixedly attached to themechanical breakup plug 104 and comprises an at least one generallycircular terminal aperture 108, preferably having a diameter in therange of 0.020 to 0.040 inches, therethrough that is in fluidcommunication with the spray aperture 106 and, therefore, the cavity 103and the connecting tubes 92. The mechanical breakup plug and theterminal orifice force a disrupted flow pattern at the nozzle end 96 ofthe hollow conduit 90 wherein the contents are mixed and delivered underpressure to the surface to be cleaned.

The sealed and pressurized chamber is capable of containing excessivepressure created if the oxidant should come in contact with a reactantinside the chamber, such as flaws in the separator material, contactwith an activator, or trace contaminants in the compounding solvents.The chamber is designed to an aerosol industry standard 18 bar strengthlevel to provide an adequate safety margin. In the preferred embodiment,the chamber buckle strength is no less than 250 psi and the burststrength no less than 320 psi.

FIG. 7 illustrates a manual spray dispenser 260 similar to the spraydispenser 60, except that each chamber 10, 14 can have a separator 250in the form of a bag or a pouch according to another embodiment of theinvention. Therefore, elements in the dispenser 260 similar to those ofdispenser 60 will be numbered with the prefix 200.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, a quantity of compressed propellant gas 249 iscontained within the chamber 10, 14, surrounding the separator 250 toprovide the propellant force necessary to dispense the contents of thecomposition stored within the separator 250.

The aerosol dispenser 260 can have a push valve assembly 210 for eachchamber 10, 14, an actuator top 262, a handle base 264, and a dispensingtube 266. Aerosol chambers 10 and 14 are releasably mounted within thehandle base 264.

As depicted in FIGS. 8 and 8A, the push valve assembly 210 comprises avalve cup 212, a stem 214, a housing 216, a gasket 218 and a spring 220.The valve cup 212 has an annular lip sized to receive chamber 10 or 14.Further, the center of the valve cup 212 has an opening 226therethrough. The chambers 10, 14 and valve cup 212 can be made of thesame material type and preferably are comprised of aluminum.Alternatively, these components can be made of steel or tin-platedsteel.

The valve stem 214 has a solid lower end, a hollow upper end, a reduceddiameter section therebetween, and preferably one, and optionally two,valve orifices located in the side that are in fluid communication withthe hollow upper end. The valve stem 214 is received in the opening 226of the valve cup 212, with the gasket 218 located between the solidlower end of the stem 214 and the cup 212.

The housing 216 has a hollow cylindrical upper portion, a reduceddiameter hollow lower portion, and a flange therebetween. The housing216 surrounds the stem 214, abuts the gasket 218 at its upper end, andis secured in place by the valve cup 212. Inside the housing 216, thespring 220 is positioned between the lower end of the stem 214 and theflange of the housing 216 and biases the stem 214 such that the valveorifices are positioned at or above the gasket 218. The lower end of thehousing 216 can be provided with a fluid flow channel 222 for fluidlyconnecting the push valve assembly 210 with the contents of the chambers10, 14.

The invention in its broader embodiments is not limited to the type ofpush valve assembly 210 described herein. Other push valves well knownto those skilled in the art can be utilized with the aerosol dispenseraccording to the invention. Another example of a push valve assembly canbe found in U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/036,706, filed Mar.14, 2008, entitled “Manual Spray Cleaner”.

The separator 250 can be a polyethylene or polypropylene bag or cancomprise multiple layers 252 of one or more flexible materials laminatedtogether. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the separator 250 can comprise sevenlayers 252A-G of material. The layers 252 of the separator 250 cancomprise, in order from the outermost layer to the innermost layer, a 12um polyethylene terephthalate layer 252A, a first 3 um adhesive layer252B, an 8 um aluminum layer 252C, a second 3 um adhesive layer 252D, a15 um oriented polyamide layer 252E, a third 3 um adhesive layer 252Fand a 75 um polypropylene layer 252G. All of the layers 252 arehermetically sealed to the lower portion of the valve housing 216.

The outer edges of the layers 252 can be sealed by a heat seal bondingprocess that uses heat and pressure to permanently bond the edges of thelayers 252 to form a hermetically sealed edge 254. The separator 250 canbe subsequently sealed to the valve housing 216 by a heat seal bondingprocess that uses heat and pressure to permanently bond the separator250 to the valve housing 216.

Referring again to FIGS. 8 and 8A, the actuator top 262 has a coverhousing 270 with an integrally formed actuator finger 272 and a thumbtab 274. The actuator finger 272 is separated along its sides by slots276, has cam levers 278 that extend downward therefrom, and isresiliently cantilevered from a front portion of the cover housing 270.The actuator top 262 is formed from a resilient plastic material,preferably by injection molding. Alternatively, it is contemplated thatthe actuator finger 72 can be connected to the cover housing 70 by ahinge (not shown) instead of an integrally connection.

The handle base 264, best shown in FIG. 8, comprises an outer wall 280having a slot 282 at one end in which is mounted the end of thedispensing tube 266. The handle base 264 further comprises a pair ofarcuate inner walls 284, which with outer wall 280 forms cylindricalsockets for the aerosol chambers 10 and 14. The arcuate inner walls 284each have a vertical slot extending from a top portion substantiallyidentical with the slot 282 in the outer wall 280. A handle 288 isintegrally formed with the outer wall 280 and is designed so that a usercan grip the handle 288 with his or her hand and apply thumb pressure atthumb tab 274 to the actuator finger 272. An integral lock (not shown)can be formed on an outer end of the actuator finger 272 and projectdownwardly thereof to abut the handle 288 and prevent depression of theactuator finger 272 prior to sale and use of the dispenser. The integrallock can be attached to the handle 288 with a frangible connection andthus easily removed when it is desirable to dispense the contents of theaerosol chambers 10 and 14.

The dispensing tube 266, preferably formed from polypropylene, comprisesconnecting tubes 292 in fluid communication with the interior of ahollow conduit 290 having a closed end 294 and a nozzle end 296. Theconnecting tubes 292 have an open lower end sized to receive the hollowupper end of the valve stem 214. Dispensing tube 266 further comprises ahollow conduit insert 202. Hollow conduit insert 202 is a rod shapedstructure that fits tightly against an upper wall of the hollow conduit290 but leaves a cavity 203 of a predetermined volume at a lower wall ofthe hollow conduit 290. The cavity is in fluid communication withconnecting tubes 292 and, therefore, with the hollow upper end of thevalve stem 214. A mechanical breakup plug 204 can be located on one endof the conduit insert 202 and forms a part of the nozzle end 296. Aspray aperture 206 of a predetermined size is formed at a lower portionof the mechanical breakup plug 204 and aligned with the cavity 103.

The aerosol dispenser 260 can be provided with various fixed spraynozzles, as shown in FIG. 2, depending on the desired spray pattern.Alternatively, the dispenser 260 can be provided with an adjustablespray nozzle 200, best seen in FIG. 8, for selectively delivering thecontents of the dispenser 260 using a variety of spray patterns.Adjustable spray nozzles are well known and representative, non-limitingexamples are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,174,069 and 4,227,650, which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The dispensing tube266 can comprise a threaded portion at an outlet end. The spray nozzle200 is rotatably attached to the dispensing tube 266 at the threaded endand comprises an at least one generally circular terminal aperture 208,therethrough that is in fluid communication with the spray aperture 206and, therefore, the cavity 203 and the connecting tubes 292. Themechanical breakup plug 204 and the adjustable spray nozzle 200 force adisrupted flow pattern at the nozzle end 296 of the hollow conduit 290wherein the contents are mixed and delivered under pressure to thesurface to be cleaned.

While the dispenser 260 has been illustrated with one type of handle anddispensing mechanism, it is within the scope of the invention for thedispenser 260 to have a handle and dispensing mechanism according to anyof the embodiments of the invention.

The sealed and pressurized chambers 10, 14 are capable of containingexcessive pressure created if the oxidant should come in contact with areactant inside the chamber 10, 14, such as flaws in the separator 250,contact with an activator, or trace contaminants in the compoundingsolvents. The chamber 10, 14 is designed to an aerosol industry standard18 bar strength level to provide an adequate safety margin. In thepreferred embodiment, the container buckle strength is no less than 250psi and the burst strength no less than 320 psi.

The chambers 10, 14 can also be provided with a pressure relief devicesuch as any of those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,416,388, 4,433,791,4,513,874 and 4,580,690, herein incorporated in full by reference.

In operation, the aerosol dispensers 60 and 260 function in a similarway. The aerosol chambers 10 and 14 are equipped with the push valveassemblies 110 in the dispenser 60 by attaching the cups 112 thereto andare releasably mounted within the outer walls 80 of the aerosoldispenser 60 so that the valve stems 114 are seated within the openouter end of the connecting tubes 92. The dispensing tube 66 fits withinthe slots 82 in the outer wall 80 and within the slots 86 in the arcuateinner walls 84 for vertical reciprocatory movement therein. The topsurface of the dispensing tube 66 abuts the underside of the cam levers78.

When a user grips the handle 88 and depresses the actuator finger 72through thumb pressure at the thumb tab 74, the cam levers 78 are drivendownwardly with respect to the handle base 64 to thereby depress thevalve stems 114 and the springs 120 so that the valve orifices 126 inthe stems 114 are positioned below the gasket 118. In thisconfiguration, the valve orifices are in fluid communication with thehousing 116 and the dip tube 122. As a result, the contents of theaerosol chamber are respectively dispensed in equal proportion throughthe push valve assembly 110 via the dip tube 122, the housing 116, thevalve orifices, and the hollow upper end of the stem 114; through theconnecting tubes 92; through the cavity 103 of the hollow conduit 90;through the spray aperture 106 of the mechanical breakup plug 104, andthrough the terminal aperture 108.

The pressure in the aerosol chambers 10 and 14 forces the contents ofthe chambers 10, 14 through the terminal aperture 108 in a spraypattern. When the pressure on the actuator finger 72 is released, thedispensing tube 66 rises in the slots 82 and 86 under spring pressurefrom the push valve assemblies 110 to cease the flow of liquid from theaerosol chambers 10, 14.

The aerosol dispenser 260 operates in much the same manner except thatfluid flows from the separator 250 into the housing 216 through thefluid flow channel 222 in the housing 216 rather than through a dip tube122, as in the aerosol dispenser 60. Depression of the actuator finger272 by the user drives the cam levers 278 downward thereby depressingthe valve stems 214 and the springs 220 so that the valve orifices 226are in fluid communication with the housing 216 and the fluid flowchannel 220. As a result, the contents of the separators 250 inside theaerosol chambers 10, 14 are respectively dispensed in equal proportionthrough the push valve assembly 200 via the housing 216, the valveorifices 226, and the hollow upper end of the stem 214; through theconnecting tubes 292; through the cavity 203 of the hollow conduit 202;through the spray aperture 206 of the mechanical breakup plug 204, andthrough the terminal aperture 208.

The pressure in the aerosol chambers 10 and 14, between the sidewalls ofthe chambers 10, 14 and the separator bag 250 forces the contents of theseparator bag 250 through the spray nozzle 208 in a desired spraypattern such as a mist, stream, cone-shaped, or flat spray. When thepressure on the actuator finger 272 is released, the dispensing tube 266rises in the slots 282 and 286 under spring pressure from the push valveassemblies 210 to cease the flow of liquid from the aerosol chambers 10,14.

The proper combination of valve orifice size 126, 226, cavity 103, 203,terminal aperture 108 or spray nozzle aperture 208 size, and propellantpressure are selected to achieve the desired ratio and flow rate of thecontents of the separators 250 within the chambers 10, 14. The contentsof each separator 250 can be mixed at an equal ratio. Alternatively, thesize of the respective valve orifices 126, 226 on each separator 250 ineach chamber 10, 14 can be varied to provide a desired mix ratio. Forexample, the valve orifice 126, 226 for the separator 250 in container14 can be sized such that twice as much liquid is released into thecavity 103, 203 from the separator 250 in container 14 compared to theseparator 250 in container 10 upon actuation of the cam lever 178, 278.

The aerosol dispensers 60 and 260 disclosed above can be used todispense a variety of compositions having one or more components thatare preferably not mixed until just prior to or during dispensing of thecomposition. Isolating one or more components from the remainder of thecomposition can increase the stability, shelf life and efficacy of thecomposition.

While the dispenser 60 is illustrated having two chambers 10, 14 that donot contain a separator pouch 250, it is within the scope of theinvention for one of the containers 10, 14 of the dispenser 60 tocontain a separator pouch 250 while the other does not. Similarly, whilethe dispenser 260 is illustrated having two chambers 10, 14 bothcontaining a separator pouch 250, it is within the scope of theinvention for one of the containers 10, 14 of the dispenser 260 tocontain a separator pouch 250 while the other does not.

The following are non-limiting examples of areas of use for thecontainer dispensers 60 and 260 disclosed herein.

Cleaning Compositions

In the case of a cleaning composition having hydrogen peroxide, thehydrogen peroxide can degrade over time or react with one or morecomponents present in the cleaning composition, resulting in acomposition that has a decreased concentration of hydrogen peroxide overtime. This can result in decreased cleaning efficiency over time.Storing the hydrogen peroxide in a container separate from the remainderof the cleaning composition increases the stability and shelf life ofthe hydrogen peroxide, resulting in a cleaning composition thatmaintains its cleaning efficiency over a longer period of time.

A fabric/carpet cleaning formula composition for removing stains andsoil from carpets and fabrics such as upholstery fabrics is filled intoone of the aerosol chambers 10, 14 according to the embodimentillustrated by dispenser 60. Alternatively, the cleaning composition canbe filled into a pouch 250 within one of the chambers 10, 14 accordingto the embodiment illustrated by dispenser 260. This compositionincludes one or more cleaning solvents, a surfactant, de-ionized waterand, optionally, a fragrance. According to the invention, the cleaningcomposition further includes a pH adjusting agent to maintain a pH inthe cleaning solution between 7.5 and 12.0 in order to trigger releaseof oxygen in the oxidizing composition. The cleaning composition canalso include an anti-stain and/or anti-resoil agent. An example of theanti-stain protectant is PM 1874, a sulfo-methacrylate resin,manufactured by the 3M Company. An example of the anti-soil component isPM 1870, a polysilosane derivative in the silsesquioxane chemicalfamily, also manufactured by the 3M Company. Other components mayinclude acrylic polymers.

De-ionized water is preferred as the solvent medium for the cleaningcomposition. The de-ionized water minimizes contamination of thecleaning solution from trace minerals in the water. One advantage ofusing de-ionized water as a solvent is that it evaporates with little orno residue after delivering cleaning agents to the carpet or upholstery.Alternative cleaning solvents can be one or more glycol ethers, forexample dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, or Glycol Ether DPM, andpropylene glycol normal propyl ether, Glycol Ether PNP, or one of theterpenes such as natural terpenes including d-limonene. These componentscan be present in the cleaning composition in effective amounts. Forexample, the Glycol Ether DPM can be present in the range of 0.5 to 1.5,preferably 0.8 wt. % in the composition. Glycol Ether PNP can be presentin the range of 0.8-15.0, preferably 7.2 wt. %. D-limonene, when used,can be present in the range of 0.1 to 5.0, preferably 0.3 wt. % in thecomposition.

Non-ionic surfactants can be present in a range of about 0.1 to 2.0.Tomadol 23-6.5, a non-ionic surfactant comprising ethylene oxideattached to lineal alcohol, is preferably present at about 0.8 wt. %.Alternatively, Neodol 23-6.5, another alcohol ether, can be present atabout 1.8 wt. %.

The EDTA can be present in amounts between about 0.1 and 5.0, preferably0.4 wt %, in compositions that include 40% EDTA solution.

According to the embodiment illustrated by dispenser 60, the propellantis preferably dimethyl ether (C₂H₆O, also known as DME). An alternativepropellant can be the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) family, particularly1,1-difluoroethane (CH₃CHF₂). A suitable commercially available HFC isDymel 152A from Dupont. The concentration of Dymel 152A in the cleaningcomposition can be in the range of 1%-25% by weight and preferably 5%.Yet other alternative propellants include hydrocarbons such as isobutane(C₄H₁₀), propane (C₃H₈), and liquefied petroleum gas; and natural gasesincluding compressed air, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.

Pressurization within the cleaning composition chamber 10, 14 accordingto the embodiment illustrated by dispenser 60 can range from 1 to 100pounds per square inch (psi). When DME is the propellant, dual 0.020inch push valve orifices and an internal pressure of 45 psi arepreferred. When a HFC propellant is used, a single 0.020 inch orifice isemployed at an internal pressure of 70 psi.

According to the embodiment illustrated by the dispenser 260, a suitablepropellant for filling the space between the separator 250 and aninterior surface of the chambers 10, 14 includes nitrogen or compressedair. Pressurization within the chambers 10, 14 of the dispenser 260 canrange from 50-150 psig with a preferred range from 110-120 psig.

The pH adjusting agent is also used to remove trace amounts of iron andother contaminates. A typical pH agent is EDTA (ethyleneditetramine).Other suitable pH agents include disodium EDTA, an example of which isHampene Na2.

The cleaning composition can further include an activator for theoxidizing composition. The preferred activator is sodium carbonate,however, other suitable activators include metals ions, metals salts,and other carbonates such as sodium bicarbonate. Still other suitableactivators include tetraacetylethylenediamine, sodium octanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, sodium nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate, sodiumdecanoyloxybenzene sulfonate, (6-octanamido-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanamido-caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate,6-decanamido-caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, and mixtures thereof. In thepreferred embodiment, sodium carbonate can be added as an activator inan amount of at least 0.1 wt. % and preferably 0.5 wt. % to reach astoichiometric ratio of activator to reactant.

The cleaning composition can also include anionic surfactants thatcreate a friable residue that can be vacuumed after the cleaningprocess. A suitable anionic surfactant is sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,such as Hamposyl L-30 Type 724, and can be present in suitable amounts,for example between 1.0 and 6.0, preferably 3.3 wt. %.

In addition to the foregoing, the cleaning composition can furtherinclude a dispersant for soil and a further pH stabilizer such asAlcosperse 602N, which is an acrylate polymer.

The oxidizing composition is filled into the other aerosol chamber 10,14 according to the embodiment illustrated by dispenser 60 and includesde-ionized water, a peroxygen compound, a stabilizer and, optionally,anti-soil and/or anti-stain protectants. Alternatively, the oxidizingcomposition can be filled into a pouch 250 within the chamber 10, 14according to the embodiment illustrated by dispenser 260. An example ofthe anti-stain protectant is PM 1874, manufactured by the 3M Company. Anexample of the anti-soil component is PM 1870 from the silsesquioxanechemical family, also manufactured by the 3M Company. Other componentsmay include acrylic polymers. Suitable soil-resist or anti-soilcompositions are disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,888,290, which isincorporated herein by reference.

The de-ionized water in the oxidizing solution is present in a range ofabout 70 to about 99 wt. %, preferably about 88.3 wt. %. De-ionizedwater is important in the oxidizing solution to minimize contaminantsthat will initiate activation inside the chamber, reducing the cleaningefficacy of the composition and creating an undesirable increase ininternal pressure. The peroxygen compound can be present in a range ofabout 0.4% to 29%, preferably 11.4%, of the active ingredients resultingin a total fill concentration of about 0.1%-10% by weight with apreferred value of about 4 wt. %.

The peroxygen compound is preferably a cosmetic grade hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂), however other peroxygen compounds can be used. A suitablecommercially available 35% cosmetic grade hydrogen peroxide is availablefrom the Degussa Company and is preferred because of its superiorstability characteristics and extended shelf life. Other suitablehydrogen peroxides are available from Solvay Interox. Yet anothersuitable hydrogen peroxide is provided by FMC Industrial Chemicals underthe trade names Hybrite 32.5%, Durox, Oxypure 35%, Standard 27.5 35%,Super D 25 and 35, Technical 35%, Chlorate Grade 20%, Semiconductor Reg,Seg, RGS, RGS 2, RGS 2, 31%. Alternatively, the peroxygen compound canbe a preformed peracid compound selected from the group consisting ofpercarboxylic acid and salts, percarbonic acids and salts, perimidicacids and salts, peroxymonosulfuric acids and salts, and mixturesthereof, a persalt such as perborate compounds, percarbonate compounds,perphosphate compounds and mixtures thereof, or a peroxide compound.

The anti-stain ingredient in the oxidizing solution can be present inabout 1 to 5 wt. %, typically about 1.7 wt. %. The anti-soil ingredientis typically present in less than 1% by weight, typically about 0.3 wt.% in the composition.

The pH stabilizer will maintain the oxidizing composition at a pH levelin the range of 1.5 to 8.5, preferably about 6.8. Pentasodiumdiethylenetriamine pentaacetate, for example Versenex 80, is anappropriate pH stabilizer when oxidative conditions exist. It will alsoneutralize any trace elements of contaminates in the oxidizingcomposition.

According to the embodiment illustrated by dispenser 60, the aerosolpropellant for the oxidizing composition is preferably dimethyl ether(C₂H₆O, also known as DME). Alternative propellants may be chosen fromthe hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) family, hydrocarbons, and natural gasses. Asuitable HFC is 1,1-difluoroethane (CH₃CHF₂), commercially available asDymel 152A from Dupont. The concentration of Dymel 152A in the oxidizingcomposition can be in the range of 1%-25% by weight, preferably 5%. Aparticularly suitable hydrocarbon is N-Butane (C₄H₁₀). Alternativehydrocarbon materials include isobutane (C₄H₁₀), propane (C₃H₈), andliquefied petroleum gas. Natural gases include compressed air, carbondioxide, and nitrogen.

Pressurization within the oxidizing chamber can range from 1 to 100pounds per square inch (psi). When DME is the propellant, a single 0.020inch orifice is preferred at a preferred pressure of about 45 psi.Alternatively, dual 0.020 inch orifices can be employed with DME. WhenHFC is the propellant, a single valve orifice of 0.018 inches is usedand the preferred pressure is about 70 psi.

According to the embodiment illustrated by the dispenser 260, a suitablepropellant for filling the space between the separator 250 and aninterior surface of the chambers 10, 14 includes nitrogen or compressedair. Pressurization within the chambers 10, 14 of the dispenser 260 canrange from 50-150 psig with a preferred range from 110-120 psig.

The pH values of the cleaning composition and the oxidizing compositioncan vary over a wide range but are selected, taking into considerationthe volume of each composition that is dispensed simultaneously, so thatthe pH of the combined cleaning composition and the oxidizingcomposition is sufficiently greater than 7 to activate the discharge ofoxygen from the oxidizing solution for enhanced cleaning of the carpetsurface. In a preferred embodiment the pH is the combined cleaningcomposition and the cleaning composition is greater than 8, preferablyabout 8.3.

EXAMPLES

Spot cleaning compositions were prepared with the following ingredientsin Table 1:

TABLE 1 CLEANING COMPOSITIONS INGRE- DIENTS A E B F G C D H Deionized83.40 83.67 82.90 83.40 83.50 83.80 90.80 89.35 Water Sodium 0.50 0.400.50 0.50 0.50 Carbonate Dowanol PNP¹ 15.00 15.00 14.70 15.00 14.8015.00 Fragrance² 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.05 Tomadol 23- 0.80 0.66 0.800.66 0.80 0.60 0.70 6.5³ Petro ULF⁴ 0.20 0.17 0.80 0.34 0.20 d-limonene0.30 0.10 0.30 EDTA, 40% 0.40 0.40 Glycol Ether 0.80 0.50 DPM GlycolEther 7.20 4.50 PNP Hampene Na2⁵ 0.50 Neodol 23- 1.80 6.5⁶ Hamposyl L-303.30 Type 724⁷ Alcosperse 602N⁸ INGRE- DIENTS I L J K M O N P Deionized88.85 85.80 82.90 82.90 87.00 89.70 89.9 90.80 Water Sodium CarbonateDowanol PNP¹ Fragrance² 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Tomadol23- 6.5³ Petro ULF⁴ d-limonene EDTA, 40% 0.50 0.40 Glycol Ether 0.500.80 1.50 7.20 0.80 7.20 0.80 DPM Glycol Ether 4.50 7.20 13.50 15.000.80 7.20 0.80 7.20 PNP Hampene Na2⁵ Neodol 23- 1.80 1.80 1.00 1.00 0.400.70 0.50 0.70 6.5⁶ Hamposyl L-30 3.30 3.30 3.00 1.00 Type 724⁷Alcosperse 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50 602N⁸ ¹Glycol ether, a solvent,manufactured by Dow Chemical Company ²Sapphire fragrance, manufacturedby Firmenich ³Linear primary alcohol ethoxylate, a non-ionic surfactant,manufactured by Tomah Chemical Company ⁴Sodium alkyl napthelenesulfonate from AKZO Nobel ⁵Disodium EDTA, manufactured by HampshireChemical ⁶Alcohol ether, a non-ionic surfactant, manufactured by ShellChemicals ⁷Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, an anionic surfactant,manufactured by Hampshire Chemical ⁸Acrylate polymer, a pH stabilizer,manufactured by Alco Chemical

For all of the samples, the pH of the cleaning composition was 11.3±0.3.The compositions of the oxidizing solutions were as follows in Table 2:

TABLE 2 OXIDIZING SOLUTIONS INGREDIENTS A B C Deionized Water 88.3077.70 79.70 Hydrogen Peroxide, Cosmetic Grade 35% 11.40 20.00 20.00Versenex 80¹ 0.30 0.30 0.30 PM 1874² 1.70 PM 1870³ 0.30 ¹Pentasodiumdiethylenetriamine pentaacetate, a pH stabilizer, manufactured by DowChemical Company ²Sulfo-methacrylic polymer, an anti-stain protectants,manufactured by the 3M Company ³Polysilosane derivative, an anti-soilingredient, manufactured by the 3M Company

For all of the samples, the pH of the oxidizing solution was 6.8±0.3.

Any of the cleaning compositions may be combined with any of theoxidizing solutions to achieve acceptable cleaning results. Thepreferred combinations are shown in Table 3. Although any combination ofcleaner and oxidizer will result in acceptable results, each combinationexhibits different characteristics. From a chemistry perspective, thetechnically superior result is a combination of cleaner A and oxidizerA. However, when cost of ingredients is taken into account, cleaner Ccombined with oxidizer A is the best choice for consumer value. The bestcleaning performance was exhibited by cleaner A combined with oxidizerC, and the best protection was provided by cleaner A combined withoxidizer B.

TABLE 3 PREFERRED COMBINATIONS TECHNI- SUPE- SUPERIOR CALLY RIOR PROTEC-MARKET COMPOSITION SUPERIOR CLEANER TION CHOICE Cleaning A A A CComposition Oxidizing A C B A Solution

The pH of the combined cleaning composition and oxidizing solution asexpelled for all samples was 8.3±0.3.

Test Method

Two separate chambers were partially filled with the carpet cleaningsolution and the oxidizing solution. The chambers were then partiallyfilled with an aerosol propellant. The two compositions were thendispensed through a common spray nozzle onto carpet samples that hadbeen pretreated with stains from red wine, grape juice, spaghetti sauce,chocolate syrup, red lipstick, and blue ballpoint pen ink. The carpetswere scrubbed moderately with a brush and then were vacuumed with asuction cleaner to remove the soiled solution. Cleaning was measuredusing a calibrated spectrophotometer on the stain at both the front andback of the carpet sample. Results were calculated as ΔE, the differencein spectrophotometer readings from the clean, virgin carpet and thecarpet after the stain was removed (ΔE=virgin reading−cleaned reading).The lower the ΔE value, the less stain remains. The stains weresatisfactorily removed. The average results for each stain for thepreferred combination of cleaner C and oxidizer A (Market Choice fromTable 3) are presented in Table 4.

TABLE 4 RESULTS OF SIGNIFICANT OUTCOMES FOR MARKET CHOICE STAIN ΔE VALUEGrape Juice 2.97 Koolaid (Cherry) 8.03 Coffee 5.99 Red Wine 3.72 Cola1.59 Lipstick (Red) 15.97 Spaghetti 13.67 Black Ink 44.25 Dirty MotorOil 21.26 Chocolate Syrup 27.27

Neutralizer for Chemical or Biological Species

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense a chemical or biological agent neutralizeror decontaminator, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,566,574 toTadros et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,390,432 to Tucker, and U.S. Pat. Nos.7,271,137, 6,723,890 and 7,125,497 to Tucker et al. described above. Areactive component, such as an oxidizing agent or nucleophilic orcombinations thereof, can be stored in a first chamber 10, 14 and theother components, such as solubilizing agents, peroxide activators andbleaching activators can be stored in the second chamber 10, 14. Thereactive components must be stored separately from components such asperoxide and bleaching activators as these components can react duringstorage resulting in a neutralizer with decreasing efficacy over time.

The solubilizing agents can be a mixture of one or more cationicsurfactants, cationic hydrotropes and fatty alcohols. Examples ofsuitable cationic surfactants include: quaternary ammonium salts andpolymeric quaternary salts. Examples of suitable quaternary ammoniumsalts include: cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride,benzethonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride,alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt, and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide. Apreferred cationic surfactant is WITCO VARIQUAT 80MC.TM., which is amixture of benzyl (C12-C16) alkyldimethylammonium chlorides.

Examples of suitable cationic hydrotropes include: tetrapentyl ammoniumbromide, triacetyl methyl ammonium bromide, and tetrabutyl ammoniumbromide. A preferred cationic hydrotrope is WITCO ADOGEN 477.TM., whichis a pentamethyltallow alkyltrimethylenediammonium dichloride.

The fatty alcohol can be a alcohol having 8-20 carbon atoms permolecule. Examples of suitable fatty alcohols include 1-dodecanol,1-tridecanol, hexadecanol and 1-tetradecanol or a mixture thereof.

The reactive component can be a mixture of one or more oxidizing and/ornucleophilic reagents. Examples of suitable reactive compounds include:peroxide compounds; hydrogen peroxide; urea hydrogen peroxide; sodiumperborate; sodium percarbonate; sodium carbonate perhydrate; sodiumperoxypyrophosphate; sodium peroxysilicatehydrogen; peroxide adducts ofpyrophosphates; citrates; sodium sulfate; urea; and sodium silicate; anactivated peroxide compound (e.g., hydrogen peroxide+bicarbonate);peracetic acid; oximates (e.g., butane-2,3-dione, monooximate ion, andbenzohydroxamate); alkoxides (e.g., methoxide and ethoxide); aryloxides(e.g., aryl substituted benzenesulfonates); aldehydes (e.g.,glutaraldehyde); peroxymonosulfate; Fenton's reagent (a mixture of ironand peroxide); and sodium hypochlorite.

Use of these reactive compounds in DF-200 formulations can produce avariety of negatively-charged nucleophiles, e.g., hydroxyl ions (OH⁻)and hydroperoxide ions (OOH⁻) produced when using hydrogen peroxide;and/or hydroperoxycarbonate ions (HCO₄ ⁻) produced when hydrogenperoxide is combined with a carbonate salt. Hydroperoxycarbonate ions(HCO₄ ⁻) are a much stronger oxidant than hydroxyl ions (OH⁻) orhydroperoxide ions (OOH⁻), and are especially effective in reacting withbiological toxants.

The reactive component can also comprise a reducing compound or an acid.The reducing compound can be selected from the group consisting ofsodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfide, sodium sulfide, sodiumthioglycollate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium borohydride and combinationsthereof. The acid can be selected from the group consisting of sodiumbisulfate, citric acid, acetic acid, nitrous acid, hydrocyanic acid,hydrogen sulfide, phenols and combinations thereof.

Bleaching activators can be compounds with O- or N-bounded acetyl groupsthat react with the strongly nucleophilic hydroperoxy anion (OOH⁻) toyield peroxygenated species, which are more efficient oxidizers thanhydrogen peroxide alone. Examples of suitable bleaching activatorsinclude: ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl etheracetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethylether acetate, glycerol diacetate (Diacetin), glycerol monoacetate,glycerol triacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), and n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS).

The neutralizing composition can also contain peroxide activators in theform of carbonate salts that can combine with a reactive compound, e.g.hydrogen peroxide, to form the highly reactive hydroperoxycarbonatespecies (HCO₄ ⁻). The addition of carbonate salts can also buffer theformulation to optimize the pH. Examples of suitable peroxide activatorsinclude: potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammoniumbicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate,ammonium carbonate, and potassium carbonate.

The dispensers 60 and 260 provide a way to store the neutralizingcomposition as a two part kit that is immediately available for use asneeded. For example, a reactive component, such as hydrogen peroxide canbe stored in a first container 10 and the solubilizing agent, such as acationic surfactant and a bleaching activator, such as glyceroldiacetate, for example, can be stored in a second container 14. Eachcontainer can also contain various other ingredients such as solvent andbuffers for example, depending on their compatibility. The components ofeach chamber 10, 14 can be mixed at the right ratios and dispensed fromthe dispensers 60 and 260 as described above as needed.

The two container dispensers 60 and 260 described herein provide adevice for stably storing the components of a chemical or biologicalagent neutralizer that is immediately available for use withoutrequiring the user to prepare, mix or dilute a solution. This can savevaluable time in the instance of contamination with a chemical orbiological species.

Exothermic Reactions

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense a heat-producing composition, wherein theheat is provided by the reaction of one or more components storedseparately in each aerosol chamber 10, 14. The components can react asthey are being dispensed to produce a heated solution. A heated solutioncan provide improved cleaning capabilities for a cleaning composition orincrease the efficiency of a disinfecting or sterilizing solution.Examples of compositions and systems for generating heat in the cleaningand/or oxidizing solutions are disclosed in U.S. Publication No.2003/0075203, which was published on Apr. 24, 2003, and is incorporatedherein by reference.

Active Film Formers

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense components that are liquid in theirindividual states but react to form matter having a different state. Forexample, the chambers 10, 14 can be used to store two-part epoxy glues.In another example, a glue, such as cyanoacrylate, or a paint can bestored in a first chamber 10, 14 and an appropriate hardener can bestored in a second chamber 10, 14. In yet another example, a repellantcar wax or polish or a windshield water repellant can be stored in afirst chamber 10, 14 and an appropriate catalyst can be stored in asecond chamber 10, 14.

Color Change Chemistry

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense components that can react to produce a coloror a color change. The color could be used to indicate coverage of thedispensed liquid or the color could be used as a built in time forindicating that the dispense liquid had dried, for example.

Health & Beauty Aids/Medical

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense components that react to produce an activecomposition. For example, a hair dye or bleach can be stored in a firstcontainer and an appropriate activator can be stored in the secondcontainer. Additional examples include skin lighteners and bleaches,self tanners, teeth whiteners, oral rinses, spray bandages and spraycasts for broken bones.

Emulsions

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense components that interact upon mixing toproduce an emulsion. An oil can be stored in a first chamber 10, 14 andan emulsifier and water can be stored in a second chamber 10, 14.Examples include producing an instant mayonnaise or salad dressingproduct.

Paints

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense paint and an enhancer or modifier. Paint canbe stored in a first chamber 10, 14 and an enhancer or modifier can bestored in a second chamber 10, 14. Examples of an enhancer or modifierinclude hardeners, antimicrobial agent, deodorant, clear coat, glitters,metallic particles, texturizers, crackle coating, marbleizing coating,antiquing or oxidizing coating for producing a patina effect andviscosity builders. Alternatively, the second container can container asecond paint having a different color for producing a camouflage effect,for example. In another example, the first container can contain a resinand solvent and the second container can contain the colorant forgenerating the paint as it is dispensed.

Automotive

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense one or more compounds that can react togenerate a gas to inflate a tire. For examples, a first chamber 10, 14can contain a sodium carbonate solution and the second chamber 10, 14can contain a citric acid solution. The sodium carbonate and citric acidcan react during dispensing to generate carbon dioxide, which can beused to inflate an automotive or bicycle tire. This chemistry has anadvantage over existing technology in which a flammable propellant isused

Home Construction & Maintenance

According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensers 60 and260 can be used to dispense a material and an additive. For example, abathtub glazing system can comprise a sealant stored in a first chamber10, 14 and a protectant stored in a second chamber 10, 14. In anotherexample, a wood stain can be stored in a first chamber 10, 14 and avarnish can be stored in a second container.

According to yet another example, a foam sealant chemistry can bedispensed, wherein a first chamber 10, 14 contains a sodium bicarbonatesolution and a second chamber 10, 14 contains a citric acid solution.The bicarbonate and citric acid solutions react during dispensing togenerate a gas, carbon dioxide, that can foam the sealant chemistry,causing it to expand and fill in voids. The foam sealant chemistry canalso be used in packaging items in a container. The foam can expand tofill in voids around items packaged in a container to protect the itemsduring transport and storage.

Reasonable variation and modification are possible within the forgoingdisclosure and drawings without departing from the spirit of theinvention that is defined in the appended claims.

1. A manual spray dispenser for dispensing a mixture of two compositionscomprising: a container having a first and second chamber and a singledispensing spray outlet for dispensing controlled amounts of liquidsfrom each of the first and second chambers; at least one of the firstand second chambers has a separator in the form of a pouch forphysically separating the contents of the chamber from an interiorsurface of the chamber; one of the first and second chambers contains afirst composition; the second chamber contains a second compositionhaving a reactive component that reacts with at least one compound uponcontact or mixing; and a dispensing system for simultaneously dispensingthe first and second compositions from their respective first and secondchambers, mixing the two compositions together, and dispensing a mixtureof the two compositions from the container under pressure.
 2. The spraydispenser according to claim 1 wherein the separator is formed from atleast one layer of one of polyethylene and polypropylene.
 3. The spraydispenser according to claim 1 wherein the separator is formed from atleast two layers, each layer made from at least one of polyethylene,polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, aluminum and polyamidecompounds.
 4. The separator according to claim 3 wherein the at leasttwo layers are laminated together to hermetically seal the pouch.
 5. Theseparator according to claim 3 wherein an adhesive layer is locatedbetween the at least two layers.
 6. The spray dispenser according toclaim 1 wherein the first composition is a cleaning composition and thesecond composition is an oxidizing composition.
 7. The spray dispenseraccording to claim 6 wherein the cleaning composition comprises at leastone of a solvent, a surfactant, an anti-stain compound, an anti-soilcompound, a fragrance and mixtures thereof.
 8. The spray dispenseraccording to claim 6 wherein the oxidizing composition comprises atleast one of an oxidizing agent, an anti-stain compound, an anti-soilcompound, a stabilizer and mixtures thereof.
 9. The spray dispenseraccording to claim 8 wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen peroxide, percarboxylic acids and salts,percarbonic acids and salts, perimidic acids and salts,peroxymonosulfuric acids and salts, and mixtures thereof.
 10. The spraydispenser according to claim 1 wherein the first composition is asolubilizing composition.
 11. The spray dispenser according to claim 10wherein the solubilizing composition comprises at least one of acationic surfactant, a cationic hydrotrope, a fatty alcohol and mixturesthereof.
 12. The spray dispenser according to claim 11 wherein thecationic surfactant comprises at least one of a quaternary ammoniumsalt, a polymeric quaternary salt and mixtures thereof.
 13. The spraydispenser according to claim 11 wherein the cationic hydrotropecomprises at least one of tetrapentyl ammonium bromide, triacetyl methylammonium bromide, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide and mixtures thereof. 14.The spray dispenser according to claim 11 wherein the fatty alcohol isan alcohol having 8-20 carbon atoms.
 15. The spray dispenser accordingto claim 10 wherein the solubilizing composition comprises at least onebleaching activator selected from the group consisting of ethyleneglycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methylacetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate,glycerol diacetate (Diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glyceroltriacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, tetraacetyl ethylenediamine(TAED), and n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS).
 16. The spraydispenser according to claim 10 wherein the solubilizing compositioncomprises at least one peroxide activator selected from the groupconsisting of potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammoniumbicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate,ammonium carbonate, and potassium carbonate.
 17. The spray dispenseraccording to claim 1 wherein the reactive component comprises at leastone of an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, a nucleophilic agent, anacid and mixtures thereof.
 18. The spray dispenser according to claim 17wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide,hydroperoxycarboflate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodiumperoxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, sodium percarbonate,hydroperoxycarbonate, peroxymonosulfate, Fenton's reagent and sodiumhypochlorite.
 19. The spray dispenser according to claim 17 wherein theat least one nucleophilic agent is selected from the group consisting ofoximates, alkoxides, aryloxides and aldehydes.
 20. The spray dispenseraccording to claim 17 wherein the at least one reducing agent isselected from the group consisting of sodium bisulfite, ferrous sulfide,sodium sulfide, sodium thioglycollate, sodium thiosulfate and sodiumborohydride.
 21. The spray dispenser according to claim 17 wherein theat least one acid is selected from the group consisting of sodiumbisulfate, citric acid, acetic acid, nitrous acid, hydrocyanic acid,hydrogen sulfide and phenols.
 22. The spray dispenser according to claim1 wherein the dispensing system is configured to dispense the firstcomposition and the second composition from their respective first andsecond chambers in equal amounts.
 23. The spray dispenser according toclaim 1 wherein the dispensing system is configured to dispense thefirst composition and the second composition from their respective firstand second chambers in unequal amounts.
 24. The spray dispenseraccording to claim 1 wherein the dispensing system is adapted to mix thefirst and second compositions together in the single dispensing sprayoutlet before they are sprayed from the dispensing spray outlet.
 25. Thespray dispenser according to claim 1 and further comprising an aerosolpropellant between the separator and the interior surface of the atleast one of the first and second chambers for pressurizing thecomposition in the pouch for dispensing the contents thereof through thedispensing system under pressure.
 26. The spray dispenser according toclaim 1 wherein the dispensing system further includes an adjustablespray nozzle that is configured to selectively dispense the contents ofthe container as at least one of a mist, a spray, a stream andcombinations thereof.
 27. A method for neutralizing at least one of achemical and biological species comprises: filling a pouch in a firstchamber with a solubilizing composition comprising at least onesolubilizing agent for solubilizing the at least one of a chemical andbiological species; filling a pouch in a second chamber with a reactivecomposition comprising at least one reactive compound that acts on theat least one of a chemical and biological species solubilized by the atleast one solubilizing agent; and simultaneously spraying thesolubilizing composition and the reactive composition under pressurefrom their respective first and second chambers onto the at least one ofa chemical and biological species.
 28. The method of claim 27 whereinthe solubilizing and reactive compositions are mixed together as theyare sprayed onto the at least one of a chemical and biological species.29. The method of claim 27 wherein the solubilizing and reactivecompositions are mixed together just prior to being sprayed onto the atleast one of a chemical and biological species.
 30. The method of claim27 further comprising pressurizing the first and second chambers priorto spraying the solubilizing and reactive compositions.
 31. The methodof claim 27 further wherein the solubilizing and reactive compositionsare sprayed from their respective first and second chambers in equalamounts.
 32. The method of claim 27 further wherein the solubilizing andreactive compositions are sprayed from their respective first and secondchambers in unequal amounts.
 33. The method of claim 27 wherein thesolubilizing and reactive compositions are selectively sprayed as atleast one of a mist, a spray, a stream and combinations thereof.
 34. Themethod according to claim 27 wherein the solubilizing compositioncomprises at least one of a cationic surfactant, a cationic hydrotrope,a fatty alcohol and mixtures thereof.
 35. The method of claim 34 whereinthe solubilizing composition further comprises at least one bleachingactivator selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycoldiacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methyl acetate,dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glyceroldiacetate (Diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate,propylene glycol diacetate, tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), andn-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS).
 36. The method of claim 34 whereinthe solubilizing composition further comprises at least one peroxideactivator selected from the group consisting of potassium bicarbonate,sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate,lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, and potassium carbonate. 37.The method according to claim 34 wherein the reactive componentcomprises at least one of an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, anucleophilic agent, an acid and mixtures thereof.